What is the term for raising fish in controlled environments for stocking rivers and lakes?

The term for raising fish in controlled environments for the purpose of stocking rivers and lakes is known as a fish hatchery. A fish hatchery is specifically designed to breed, rear, and release fish into natural waters to support fisheries and boost fish populations. While fish farming does involve raising fish, it typically refers to the practice of breeding fish specifically for food consumption and not necessarily for stocking purposes in natural bodies of water.

Fish breeding generally focuses on the reproductive aspects of fish and does not encompass the broader processes involved in growing fish for population enhancement in wild waters. Aquaculture is a broader term that encompasses all forms of aquatic farming, including both fish farming for food and hatcheries for stocking; however, when specifically referring to the facility or operation focused on stocking programs, "fish hatchery" is the precise term.